1491-1557+Jacques+Cartier

Jacques Cartier natives' captain at last agreed that they could be taken, under the condition that they return with European goods to trade > >
 * [[image:jac.png]]
 * famous for leading three expeditions to Canada
 * named it Kanata
 * meaning village or settlement in Huron-Iroqouis language.
 * Married CatherineDes Granches.
 * French [|explorer] of [|Breton] origin
 * was a respectable mariner-- improved his social status in 1520 by marrying Mary Catherine des Granches, a member of a leading family
 * 1534 first voyage hoping to discover a western passage to wealthy markets of Asia
 * some trading there occurred with natives.
 * July 24, he planted a 10 meter cross bearing the words "Long Live the King of France" and took possession of the territory in the name of the king
 * kidnapped the two sons of their captain
 * 1536-1536 2nd voyage
 * May 19 of the following year with three ships, 110 men, and the two natives
 * reached the Iroquoian capital of [|Stadacona], where Chief [|Donnacona] ruled.
 * left his main ships in a harbour close to Stadacona, and used his smallest ship to continue up-river
 * expedition could proceed no further, as the river was blocked by rapid
 * certain was Cartier that the river was the [|Northwest Passage] and that the rapids were all that was preventing him from sailing to China
 * One of the natives who survived was Dom Agaya, the chief's son who had been taken to France the previous yea
 * return to France in early May 1536, Cartier decided to take Chief Donnacona to France
 * he might personally tell the tale of a country further north, called the " [|Kingdom of Saguenay] "
 * said to be full of gold, rubies and other treasures
 * 3rd voyage 1541--1542
 * Francis ordered the Breton navigator to return to Canada to lend weight to a colonization project
 * Cartier left with the longboats for a reconnaissance in search of "Saguenay"
 * seems the natives attacked and killed about 35 settlers before the Frenchmen could retreat behind their fortifications
 * Iroquoians no longer made friendly visits or peddled fish and game
 * impression left is of a general misery, and of Cartier's growing conviction that he had insufficient manpower either to protect his base or to go in search of the Saguenay Kingdom.
 * Roberval took command at Charlesbourg-Royal, but it was abandoned in 1543 after disease, foul weather and hostile natives drove the would-be settlers to despai